The natural environment in which the fisherman prefers to find himself usually prevents the sort of illness which fell so many people during heat waves in the city. However, too long an exposure in an open boat or along a beach in mid-day may lead to some untoward symptoms.

Heat stroke and heat exhaustion are the most serious of these; produced by the failure of the heat regulating system of the body. This system fails when it has been working too hard, when the vaporization which normally enables the body to lose heat no longer is operating. The individual stops sweating – always a danger sign – and the skin becomes hot and dry. The temperature rises rapidly and collapse occurs.

Since the mortality rate of this condition in its full blown state ranges from 20 to 80 percent, roughly paralleling the age of the patient, prevention is most important. Get to a cool location at the first sign of trouble, which may start with a headache, restlessness, avid thirst, lack of perspiration or increase in heart rate. If serious faintness or unconsciousness occurs, speed is essential in lowering body temperature. A cold water bath or spray is the most effective method for total body cooling. Wet sheets may be wrapped around the victim and evaporation accelerated by the use of fans. Medical aid should be summoned as quickly as possible but do not wait for it. Untreated heat stroke is fatal!

The salt loss which occurs with excessive sweating can cause symptoms, especially in people who perform heavy physical activity and drink a lot of fluid without replacing the salt. Severe muscle cramps, especially in the limbs and abdomen, are the usual complaint and can be treated or prevented by an adequate salt intake. Salty foods and the liberal use of the shaker at meal time are usually sufficient to meet the needs of the body, but salt tablets may be used during periods of heavy sweating.

Prickly heat is uncomfortable, itching skin eruption due to the blocking of the pores of the sweat glands during hot weather. This occurs most frequently at the neck, wrist, armpits and elbows and is best prevented by wearing loose, well ventilated clothes and bathing or showering with a limited use of soap. Cool baths will give prompt but temporary relief. A heavy salt intake may increase the symptoms as it puts a heavier load on the already clogged up sweat glands.

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